Costimulation through the CD137/4-1BB pathway protects human melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from activation-induced cell death and enhances antitumor …

JA Hernandez-Chacon, Y Li, RC Wu… - Journal of …, 2011 - journals.lww.com
Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) using expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with high-
dose interleukin-2 is a promising form of immunotherapy for stage IV melanoma having
clinical response rates of 50% or more. One of the major problems preventing further
success of this therapy is that the current protocols used to highly expand TIL for infusion
drive CD8+ T cells to differentiate into effector cells losing key costimulatory molecules such
as CD28 and CD27. This has been associated with a lack of persistence in vivo for reasons …